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Save Energy at Apartments

2009-03-31T06:38:00.000-07:00

Apartments

Simple energy conservation measures can lower your utility bills while increasing the comfort of your apartment. Although your landlord or management company is ultimately responsible for your building's energy efficiency, you make dozens of energy decisions every day.
ElectricityMany ways for cutting electricity costs in houses also apply to apartments. See our section on reducing electricity use for ways to lower these costs.

Heating and Cooling

Here are some ways to reduce your heating and cooling costs. They can also make your apartment more comfortable. You might need your landlord's or management company's permission for some of the suggestions.

* Caulk and weatherstrip windows and exterior doors.
* Carefully select, install, and use window treatments or coverings.

Water Heating

If you have your own water heater in your apartment, see our section on energy-efficient water heating. If you don't have your own water heater, you can still save energy by reducing your hot water use. You may need your landlord's or management company's permission for some of these energy conservation measures.

Complete Details of an eyelid twitch

2009-03-24T02:24:00.000-07:00

Definition
An eyelid twitch is a general term for involuntary spasms of the eyelid muscles. In some instances, the eyelid may repeatedly close (or nearly close) and re-open. This article discusses eyelid twitches in general.

Causes
The most common things that make the muscle in your eyelid twitch are fatigue, stress, and caffeine. Once spasms begin, they may continue off and on for a few days. Then, they disappear. Most people experience this type of eyelid twitch on occasion and find it very annoying. In most cases, you won't even notice when the twitch has stopped.More severe contractions, where the eyelid completely closes, are possible. These can be caused by irritation of the surface of the eye (cornea) or the membranes lining the eyelids (conjunctiva).The reason your eyelid is twitching cannot be identified. This form of eyelid twitching lasts much longer, is often very uncomfortable, and can also cause your eyelids to close completely.

Symptoms
In addition to having repetitive, uncontrollable twitching or spasms of your eyelid (usually the upper lid), you may be very sensitive to light or have blurry vision.

Treatment
Eyelid twitching usually disappears without treatment. In the meantime, the following steps may help:
. Get more sleep.
. Drink less caffeine.
. Lubricate your eyes with eye drops.
If twitching is severe, small injections of botulinum toxin can temporarily cure the spasms.

Outlook (Prognosis)
The outlook depends on the specific type or cause of eyelid twitch. In some cases, the twitches usually stop within a week.

Possible Complications
Permanent eye injury from unrecognized cornea injury is possible, but rare.
When to Contact a Medical
Call your primary care doctor or eye doctor (ophthalmologist) if:
. Eyelid twitching does not go away within 1 week
. Twitching completely closes your eyelid
. Twitching involves other parts of your face
. You have redness, swelling, or a discharge from your eye
. Your upper eyelid is drooping

Cold Fusion Markup Language

2009-03-17T03:35:00.000-07:00

CFML supplements regular HTML files with database instructions, conditional operators, high-level formatting functions, and other basics to create web applications.The pages in a ColdFusion purpose include the server-side CFML tags in addition to HTML (XHTML) tags. When a browser requirements a page in a ColdFusion relevance, it is repeatedly pre-processed by the ColdFusion submission Server. ColdFusion tags tell the ColdFusion server that it must development the tagged information. The ColdFusion server only procedure ColdFusion tag contents; it profits text outside of ColdFusion tags to the web server unchanged.

ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML) is a tag-based language, similar to HTML, which uses special tags and meanings. With CFML, you can improve standard HTML files with database commands, conditional operators, high-level formatting functions, and other elements to rapidly manufacture easy-to-maintain web applications. However, CFML is not limited to enhancing HTML. For example, you can generate Macromedia Flash MX applications that consist entirely of Flash fundamentals and CFML. Correspondingly, you can use CFML to create web services for use by other applications.

WML

2008-12-15T04:19:00.000-08:00

Wireless Markup Language, based on XML, is a markup language intended for devices that apply the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) specification, such as mobile phones, and preceded the use of other markup languages now used with WAP, such as XHTML and still standard HTML (which are ahead in popularity as processing power in mobile devices increases).

Geomatics

2008-11-23T22:50:00.000-08:00

Geomatics is a branch of geography that has come out since the quantitative revolution in geography in the mid 1950s. Geomatics involves the use of customary spatial techniques used in cartography and topography and their application to computers. Geomatics has become a extensive field with many other disciplines using techniques such as GIS and remote sensing. Geomatics has also led to a renewal of some geography departments especially in Northern America where the subject had a moribund status during the 1950s.

Geomatics encompasses a large area of fields concerned with spatial analysis, such as Cartography, Geographic information systems (GIS), Remote sensing, and Global positioning systems (GPS).

Hygiene

2008-04-11T22:33:00.000-07:00

Cleanliness is the unreality of dirt, together with grime, stains, bad stinks and junk. Intention of hygiene includes strength, prettiness, dearth of nasty odor, evading of embarrassment, and to avoid the dispersion of dirt and pollutants to oneself and others. In the case of glass items such as casements or windshields, the function can also be lucidity.

Rinsing is one method of achieving hygiene, typically with water and often some kind of series or detergent. In more modern times, since the microbe theory of pollution, it has also appeared to mean a lack of germs and other perilous materials. In manufacturing, certain procedures such as those associated with integrated circuit development; require conditions of remarkably immaculate purity which are achieved by implementing in clean extents.

Cleanliness is necessary to unbeaten electroplating, since molecular coatings of oil can put off adhesion of the outside layer. This diligence has developed many dedicated practices for parts clean-up, as well as analysis for purity. The most frequently used tests rely on the saturated performance of a clean hydrophilic metal shield.

Nuclear Plant In Wisconsin

2008-03-10T00:49:00.001-07:00

The point shore nuclear plant in Wisconsin is undergone some extraordinary examination by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission as the effect of an electrical transformer breakdown last week, the NRC said on Tuesday.

The transformer was unsuccessful on Jan. 15, which causes the 514-megawatt Unit 1 to drop power from exterior to the plant, which is situated near Two Rivers, Wisconsin, and owned by FPL power. The FPL Group Inc contributory last October bought the two-unit plant for $924 million from Wisconsin power Corporation.

Power supply networks are the time support of new industry, except their quality and consistency are not often questioned. Manufacturers are essentially involved only in whether current is flowing or not. The greater part of company never inquiry how good or bad the value of the power source they are using basically is.

Health

2008-03-03T20:52:00.000-08:00

Health is the intensity of functional and metabolic effectiveness of an organism at both the cellular and macro social level. In the medical field, health is generally defined as an organism's aptitude to efficiently respond to challenges and effectively restore and maintain a "state of balance," known as homeostasis.

A rising measure of the health of populations is height, which is powerfully regulated by nutrition and health care, among other set of living and quality of life matters. The lessons of human growth, its regulators and its implications are known as auxology.

Wellness is a word sometimes used to describe the psychological position of being healthy, but is most frequently used in the field of alternative medicine to describe one's state of being.

Thomas Nast - American Artist

2008-02-27T04:38:00.000-08:00

Thomas Nast was a well-known German-American caricaturist as well as editorial cartoonist lived in the 19th century and was called by people as the father of American political cartooning.

He was born in the quarters of Landau, Germany, the son of a instrumentalist in the 9th contingent Bavarian group. His mother took him to New York in 1846. He deliberately studied fine art there for almost a year with Alfred Fredericks in addition to Theodore Kaufmann and at the school of the National Academy of Drawing. After school at the age of 15, he started working in 1855 as a architect for Frank Leslie's Illustrated paper; three years after for Harper's Weekly.

His primary sober works in drawing was the cartoon "Peace," intended for against those in the North who disparate the prosecution of the American Civil War. This and his other cartoons during the conflict and restoration days were put into paper called Harper's weekly. He was well-known for illustrating battlefield in border and southern states.

Cooking

2008-02-26T03:40:00.001-08:00

Cooking is the act of preparing food for eating. The term cooking encompasses all methods of food preparation with non-heated methods. It encompasses a huge range of methods, tools and combinations of ingredients to change the taste or digestibility of food. It is the method of select, measuring and combining of ingredients in an planned procedure in an try to get the desired result. Factors affecting the finishing outcome include the inconsistency of ingredients, ambient conditions, tools, and the skill of the person doing the actual cooking.

The variety of cooking universal is a reflection of the many nutritional, aesthetic, agricultural, cultural and religious considerations that crash upon it.

Cooking frequently requires applying heat to a food, which regularly, though not always, chemically transforms it, thus varying its flavor, texture, appearance, and nutritional properties. There is archaeological proof of roasted foodstuffs, both animal and vegetable, in human campsites dating from the initial known use of fire, some 800,000 years ago

Geography

2008-02-21T04:36:00.000-08:00

Geography is the study of the earth and its features and of the circulation of life on the Earth. A literal transformation would be "to describe the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (275-195 B.C.). Four historical civilization in geographical research are the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena, area studies, study of man-land relationship, and investigate in earth sciences. Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-inclusive discipline that foremost seeks to understand the world and all of its human and natural complexities-- not merely where things are, but how they have changed and come to be. It is said to be the "mother of all math" and "the synthesizer of information." Geography is mainly divided into two main branches - human geography and physical geography.

conventionally, geography as well as geographers has been viewed as the same as cartography and people who study place names. Although many geographers are capable in toponymy and cartography, this is not their main preoccupation. Geographers study the spatial and temporal allotment of phenomena, processes and feature as well as the interaction of humans and their environment. As space and place persuade a variety of topics such as economics, health, climate, plants and animals, geography is highly interdisciplinary.

Sports

2008-02-14T23:25:00.000-08:00

Sport is an activity to facilitate is governed by a set of rules or customs and frequently engaged in competitively. Used by itself, sports generally refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the participant are the sole or primary determiner of the outcome, but the term is also used to comprise activities such as mind sports and motor sports where psychological acuity or equipment quality are major factors. Sports are used as hobby for the player and the viewer. It has also proved by experiments that daily exercise would boost mental strength and power to study.

Sports have been ever more organized and keeping pace from the time of the Ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialization has brought improved leisure time to the citizens of developed and developing countries, leading to more time for people to be present at and follow spectator sports, greater contribution in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These trends continued with the beginning of mass media and global statement.

Currency

2008-02-10T23:50:00.000-08:00

A currency is a component of exchange, facilitating the transfer of supplies and services. It is a form of money, where money is an capable medium of exchange, and it is also considered by a number of people as a store of value, created through a claim to its central bank assets. A currency zone is a country in which a specific currency is the main medium of exchange. To facilitate trade between currency zones, there are exchange price at which currencies can be exchanged beside each other. Currencies can be classified as also floating currencies or fixed currencies based on their exchange rate regime.

In general usage, currency at times refers to only paper money, as in "coins and currency", but this is confusing. Coins and paper money are both forms of currency.

In most cases, each country has control over the supply and manufacture of its own currency.

Computer Networking

2008-02-05T04:14:00.000-08:00

Computer networking is the engineering discipline anxious with communication between computer systems. Such communicate systems comprise a computer network and these networks generally involve at least two devices able of being networked with at least one usually being a computer. The devices can be separated by a small number of meters or nearly unlimited distances. Computer networking is sometimes considered a sub-discipline of telecommunications, and sometimes of computer science, information technology and computer engineering. Computer networks rely a lot upon the abstract and practical application of these scientific and engineering disciplines.

A computer network is any set of computers connected to each other. Examples of networks are the Internet, a wide area network that is the largest to always exist, or a little home local area network (LAN) with two computers connected with standard networking cables connecting to a network interface card in each computer.

Internet Marketing

2008-01-29T04:15:00.000-08:00

Internet marketing is the use of the Internet to advertise and vend goods and services. Internet Marketing includes pay per click advertising, banner ads, e-mail marketing, associate marketing, interactive advertising, search engine marketing (including search engine optimization), blog marketing, article marketing, and blogging.

Internet marketing is a factor of electronic commerce. Internet marketing can sometimes comprise information management, public relations, customer service, and sales. Electronic commerce and Internet marketing have become popular as Internet access is becoming more extensively existing and used. Well over one third of consumers who have Internet access in their homes report using the Internet to create purchases.Internet marketing first began in the early 1990s as simple, text-based websites that offered product information. Over time Internet marketing evolved into more than just selling information products, there are people now selling advertising space, software programs, business models, and many other products and services

A Long Ways

2008-01-24T21:02:00.001-08:00

When it comes to equal opportunity between men and women in particular dealing with athletics, there come contrasting viewpoints as to how this parity should be obtained. The text of Title IX clearly states that no human being in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be disqualified from sharing in, be without the remuneration of, or be subjected to favoritism under any education program or activity getting Federal financial assistance. This text of title IX forbids any means of inequity on the basis of sex to any individual in all federally assisted education programs. Title IX has been a great achievement for the U.S. in the effort towards parity for women.
Since Title IX became law back in 1972, remarkable changes have been made to level the playing fields of this nation’s schools and to change the observation of the place of girls and women on them. Not only are more women participating in sports, they are participating in sports that were traditionally not engaged by women--such as lacrosse, wrestling, soccer, rugby and ice hockey.

White Throated Kingfisher

2008-01-20T22:01:00.001-08:00

The White-throated Kingfisher, White-breasted Kingfisher or Smyrna Kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis, is a tree kingfisher which is generally spread in south Asia from Turkey east to the Philippines. This kingfisher is fundamentally occupant over much of its range, not together from seasonal movements.

The first of the alternative English names is to be favorite because the geographical name is too preventive for this widespread bird, and the easternmost race lacks a white breast.

This is a large kingfisher, 28 cm in length. The mature has a bright blue back, wings and tail. Its head, shoulders, flanks and lower belly are chestnut, and the throat and breast are white.

There are four races opposed mostly in plumage shades, but H. s. glairs of the Philippines have only the neck and throat white. The flight of the White-throated Kingfisher is quick and straight, the short rounded wings whirring. The large bill and legs are intense red.

In flight, large white patches are visible on the blue and black wings. Sexes are similar, but juveniles are a duller adaptation of the adult. The call of this noisy kingfisher is a chuckling chake.

White-throated Kingfisher is a common class of a variety of habitats with some trees, and its range is expanding. It perches noticeably on wires or other exposed perches within its territory, and is a frequent sight in south Asia. This species mostly hunts large insects, rodents, snakes, fish and frogs. It is alleged to eat tired migratory passerine birds like Chiffchaffs where the opportunity arises.

Yoga

2008-01-13T22:04:00.001-08:00

Yoga is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy, focusing on meditation as a trail to self-knowledge and freedom. Yoga is seen as a means to mutually physiological and spiritual mastery. Outside India, Yoga has become mainly related with the practice of asanas of Hatha Yoga, although it has influenced the whole dharmic religions family and other spiritual practices throughout the world

5,000 year old carvings from the Indus Valley Civilization represent a figure that archaeologists think represents a yogi sitting in meditation posture. The sitting in a conventional cross-legged yoga pose with its hands resting on its knees. The explorer of the seal, archaeologist Sir John Marshall, named the figure Shiva Pashupati.

A seal from the Indus Valley Civilization, The first known written reference to yoga is in the Rig Veda, likely by the western scholars to be at least 3,500 years old. The Upanishads, Bhagavad-Gita, and the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali also converse the concepts and teachings of yoga.

Asian Paradise Flycatcher

2008-01-08T20:38:00.000-08:00

The Asian Paradise Flycatcher, also known as the Common Paradise Flycatcher, is a medium-sized passerine bird. It was in the past classified with the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae, but the paradise flycatchers, monarch flycatchers and Australasian fantails are now usually grouped with the drongos in the family Dicruridae, which has the majority of its members in Australasia and tropical southern Asia.

The Asian glory Flycatcher breeds from Turkestan to Manchuria. It is wandering, wintering in tropical Asia. There are resident populations further south, for example in southern India and Sri Lanka, so both visiting migrants and the in the vicinity reproduction subspecies take place in these areas in winter.

This species is typically originated in thick forests and other well-wooded habitats. Three or four eggs are laid in a cup shell in a tree.

The adult male Asian Paradise Flycatcher is about 20 cm long, but the long tail streamers double this. It has a black crested head, stale joke upperparts and pale grey underparts.

By their second year, the males of the wandering Indian race T. p. paradisi begin to obtain white feathers. By the third year, the male plumage is totally white, other than the black head. Males of the sedentary Sri Lankan race T. p. ceylonensis are forever stale joke.

The female of all races resembles the stale joke male, but has a grey throat, minor peak and lacks the tail streamers.

Arts

2008-01-02T21:58:00.001-08:00

The leading theme of his maturity human struggle with the forces of nature. As a young-looking man, he received his start as an illustrator of magazines. He became a normal contributor of design drawings to Harper's Weekly, one of the nation most admired magazines of the time. After spending a year in Paris in 1856, he returned to the U.S. with a better accepting of the light in impressionism even though he was not really influenced by French art. In the early 1860's, Homer made several trips to the front lines of some Civil War battle in Virginia. It was from sketches he made there that he formed his first main oil work, Prisoners from the Front, Metropolitan Museum, New York City.

The United States has produced its own breed of painter true to the vision and character of the nation. In the nineteenth century, one of its most Winslow Homer. Classified as an American naturalist painter. Winslow was a self-taught artist who became most famous for his views of the American landscape and most Taking up solitary habitation on the Maine coast at Prout's Neck, he produced such masterpieces of realism as Eight Bells in it the drama of the sea scene is imbue with an epic, heroic quality that symbolizes.

Cooking Apple

2007-12-25T22:26:00.000-08:00

A cooking apple is an apple that is used mainly for cooking rather than eating fresh. Cooking apples are larger, and can be not as much of sweet and more sour than eating varieties. Some varieties have a solid flesh that doesn't smash down too much when cooked. Only the British grow a large range of apples particularly for cooking. Some apples are double purpose, often becoming sweeter and softer under storage.

Cultivars can be separated into apples which are cooked whole in the oven and become soft and fluffy and those which keep hold of their shape. These apples are often sweet-smelling. A baked apple is one that has been parched in an oven until it has become soft. The core is generally removed and often stuffed with fruits, brown sugar, raisins, or cinnamon.

A Brave New Audience

2007-12-20T01:50:00.000-08:00

Over time, technology has become highly developed. This is adverse for mankind because the more superior, the more serious television gets, the not as good as it is for its viewers. It always feeds people information with which they take in without even significant its perils. What they think is an admirable source of information, is actually a hazardous medium through which millions of Americans reduce their intelligence. According to Neil Postman, it is simply just a damage of content because it focuses more on descriptions, rather than content.
In Postman's essay, The Huxleyan Warning, he exhorts readers that Huxley's prophecies are launch to be realized. He claims that society will enchain themselves through their love for their own oppression; the technologies that disable their abilities to think. This technology comes through the shape of a television screen. These prophecies, which were first introduced to us by Aldous Huxley, are observable in the movie The Truman Show. Truman is a normal human being, accidentally being watched by billions of viewers ever since his birth. Viewers are stuck to their television sets watching his every move.

Dieting

2007-12-13T23:27:00.000-08:00

Dieting is the practice of ingesting food in a synchronized fashion to get a particular objective. In several cases the aim is weight loss, but some athletes hope to gain weight and diets can also be used to keep a stable body weight.

There are numerous kinds of diets:

Weight-loss diets control the intake of particular foods, or food in general, to reduce body weight. What works to decrease body weight for one person will not essentially work for another, due to metabolic differences and lifestyle factors. Also, for a variety of reasons, most people discover it very difficult to maintain major weight loss over time. There is some notion that losing weight promptly may actually make it more difficult to maintain the loss over time.

Aspect of Life

2007-12-12T22:29:00.000-08:00

Throughout life people make various decisions upon life, some of which are less significant as others. One of the main decisions I took was that in which I had decided to leave my old life in China and come to Australia. After all, I always wanted to travel around the world. Now after expenses half of my life here, I would like to bid farewell to a few of favorable memories of home.

Send-off to the little girl that played .I expect I will come back to home soon and see you all again. With me when I was in kinder garden who helped me get through my first day away from mum. Thank you for pleasing me to the dentist when my tooth was painful at the middle of the night. Goodbye to the teachers who carried me in her upper body when I cry in tears every morning seeing my mum go to work without me.

Formal Wear

2007-12-05T05:24:00.000-08:00

Formal wear or formal dress is a common fashion term used to explain clothing suitable for formal procedures, with weddings, debutante cotillions, etc. Western formal dress has had a invasive influence on styles in various countries. It is almost forever the standard used in countries where there is no formal edition of the national costume. Foreign dignitaries and honored visitors in Western countries often take on Western evening dress on formal and state occasions, although it is not unusual for distinguished persons to wear the formal versions of their general dress if such exists; the sari and the dashiki are easily-recognizable examples.

Unlike for the most part of the fashion world, the styles of formal dress take their names from men's wear rather than female dress. Traditional 'rules' oversee men's formal dress; these are firmly observed at socially traditional events such as royal weddings, and provide as starting points for the creative formal wear seen at high school proms, formal dances and leisure industry awards shows.

Automobiles in Society

2007-12-03T21:00:00.001-08:00

This paper is a study of the impact of the growing of automobiles on the global environment, people’s lives and health, and the structure of Western culture. In addition to explore the impact of automobiles, technologies that have been developed to cope with the problems will be examined, as well as potential long-term solutions to the community and ecological problems caused by automobiles.
While the ecological impact of automobiles on society may be supposed in more material terms, the size of its social impact is more abstract in its definition. Mark Delucchi suggests that the total social cost of automobile use is the welfare difference between the current motor vehicle system and a system which provides accurately the same services but without time, manpower, materials, or energy - in short without cost. This interpretation of the social cost of automobiles alludes to several general categories of impact, such as personal non-monetary costs, bundled private sector costs, government costs, and various externalities.

Cooking

2007-11-26T01:08:00.000-08:00

A Burning Desire for Hockey

2007-11-21T02:47:00.000-08:00

Many people are tried to have many special hobbies. Ice Hockey immediately happened to be mine. It is been almost twenty years since my mother and father takes me Ice Skating. When i was three years old. Before I move any further I would like to tell you that I come from a family that has an extended record of hockey players. My grandfather on both my mothers and fathers part played hockey. I still had a grandma on my mother’s side that play field hockey in Duluth, MN. My biggest pressure in the game of hockey was from my father, he and his brother played hockey for the college of Illinois.

As a childhood I wore my dad’s old hockey jersey throughout my few years of hockey. To say the least, I dreamed of being a qualified hockey player. It was not until I was playing at the high school level that I learn hockey is other than a game.

It was always expressed that hockey was a very physical and dangerous sport and it really did not sink in until I started playing confirm to hockey. A hockey player generally enters this physical state of the game around the age of twelve to fourteen. As I grew older the speed of the game got closer, thus made the complexity of the game do a180.

Business

2007-11-17T01:20:00.001-08:00

In economic business is the social science of managing people to systematize and maintain collective productivity toward accomplishing particular imaginative and productive goals, usually to make profit.The etymology of "business" refers to the state of being busy, in the circumstance of the individual as well as the community or society. In other words, to be busy is to be doing commercially viable and profitable work.

The term "business" has at least three usages, depending on the scope — the general usage (above), the particular usage to refer to a particular company or corporation, and the comprehensive usage to refer to a particular market sector, such as "the record business," "the computer business," or "the business community" -- the community of suppliers of goods and services.

The singular "business" can be a legally-recognized entity within an economically free society, wherein individuals systematize based on expertise and skill bring about social and technological expansion.

However, the exact definition of business is disputable as is business philosophy; for example, most Marxist use "means of production" as a rough synonym for "business." Socialist advocate either government, public, or worker ownership of most sizable businesses.

Fire Extinguisher

2007-11-13T22:59:00.000-08:00

A fire extinguisher is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a handheld cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent which can be discharged to extinguish a fire.

The modern fire extinguisher was invented by British Captain George William Manby in 1818; it consisted of a copper vessel of 3 gallons of pearl ash solution contained within compressed air.

The soda-acid extinguisher was invented in the 19th century, which contained a cylinder of 1 or 2 gallons of water with sodium bicarbonate mixed into it. A vial was suspended in the cylinder containing concentrated sulphuric acid. Depending on the type of extinguisher, the vial of acid could be broken in one of two ways. One used a plunger to break the acid vial, while the second released a lead bung that held the vial closed. Once the acid was mixed with the bicarbonate solution, carbon dioxide gas was expelled and thereby pressurize the water. The pressurized water was forced from the canister through a nozzle or short length of hose.

Amusement park

2007-11-09T01:21:00.001-08:00

Amusement park is the general word for a collection of rides and other leisure attractions assembled for the purpose of enjoyable a reasonably large group of people. An amusement park is more involved than a simple city park or playground, as an amusement park is intended to cater to adults, teenagers, and small children.

An amusement park may be stable or temporary, generally periodic, such as a few days or weeks per year. The short-term amusement park with mobile rides etc. is called a funfair or carnival.

Theme parks form a more closely defined type of an amusement park. They are permanent conveniences that use architecture, signage, landscaping to help express the feeling that people are in a different place or time. Often a theme park will have a variety of 'lands' of the park committed to telling a particular story. Otherwise, an amusement park often has rides with tiny in terms of theming design elements. The main difference among a theme park and an amusement park is to in a theme park all the rides go all with the theme of the park, for example Disney World.

A Day in Malaysia

2007-11-04T23:01:00.000-08:00

A Malaysian Day is not to be conceived as a day famous by Malaysians to symbolize any particular event. In reality it should denote a usual day of any Malaysian, a microcosm of what is in the daily life a Malaysian amidst the rapid developments in the urban areas and the well-conserved rural environment. My story is spin from my knowledge during a five-day holiday in Malaysia. You are going back to Malaysia, my parents announced suddenly, handing me air tickets, thus ending weeks of uncertainty as to where I was to spend my month-long winter holiday. I was to spend four days in Malaysia, my birth place, a place I had not seen in 16 years, since we motivated to Birmingham. Day 1 All doubts seemed to lighten however, as I step on board Malaysia Airlines aircraft.

I was lovingly by the smiling kebaya-clad air stewardesses of the airline. Hours seemed to fly as the flight progress, leaving London in the evening and arriving at dawn in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. I gaze out of the window, impressed by the rolling acres of palm trees which sprawled over the humongous oil palm estates.

Selecting a "beauty queen"

2007-10-31T21:40:00.000-07:00

Beauty pageants are usually multi-tiered, through local competitions feeding into the bigger competitions. The worldwide pageants, thus, need hundreds, sometimes thousands, of local competitions. In the United States, there is currently a commercial beauty pageant industry that organizes thousands of local events for all ages for profit supported by magazines like The Crown Magazine and Pride of Pageantry, the online epiczine.com, the Pageant News Bureau (pageant.com), and The Crown Magazine, and a crowd of retailers of all from tiaras to cosmetic surgery.

Beauty Queens are selected on many criteria. Every individual pageant will provide to future delegates its exacting methods of competition and scoring. For example, The universal Pageant http://www.worldwidepageant.net has a sole scoring method wherein delegates have the possible of earning a score of 110%. The breakdown is 25% evening wear (may be pants or gown), 25% physical wear, 50% personal interview, and an optional 10% for a getting portfolio. Diamond Dolls is a pictorial only competition which provides 100% of the score based leading submission of required photos.

There are other pageants who take a completely different approach on the whole. Mostly in reference to on-line photogenic pageants, there are competitions in which a winner is selected on a monthly or even weekly basis. There are persons who will take each of these as a "preliminary winner" with the aim upon a "final" competition at some later date. Others delight each of these as a "final" winner and give a title.

In spite of the method of competition, break down of scores or frequency of selection; all are defined as "activity in the form of a beauty pageant." It is up to the person to determine which is best suitable for competition or of particular entertainment interest.

Trailers

2007-10-25T22:00:00.000-07:00

A Trailer is normally an unpowered vehicle pulled by a powered vehicle, because powered trailers are more explicitly called potrailers. Commonly, the term trailer refers to such vehicles used for transport of goods and materials.

Trailer winches are intended to load (or unload) boats and other cargo to and from a trailer. The are invented a ratchet mechanism and cable. The handle on the ratchet mechanism is twisted to tighten or loosen the tension on the winch cable. There are both manual and motorized trailer winches

Popup campers are trivial, aerodynamic trailers that can be towed by a small car, such as the BMW Air Camper and the Coleman Bayside. They are built to be shorter than the tow vehicle, minimizing drag.

Others range from two-axle campers that can be pulled by most mid-sized pickups to trailers that are as long as the host country's law allows for drivers without individual permits. Larger campers tend to be fully integrated leisure vehicles, which often are used to tow single-axle dolly trailers to allow the driver to bring small cars on their travels.

Amazon

2007-10-22T23:25:00.000-07:00

The Amazon River of South America is one of the two greatest rivers on Earth, the other being the Nile in Africa. The Amazon has by far the greatest total flow of any river, carrying more than the Mississippi, Nile, and Yangtze rivers combined. Its drainage area, called the Amazon Basin, is the largest of any river system. The Amazon could be considered the "strongest".

The amount of fresh water released to the Atlantic Ocean is enormous: up to 300,000 m³ per second in the rainy season. Indeed, the Amazon is responsible for a fifth of the total volume of fresh water entering the oceans worldwide. It is said that offshore of the mouth of the Amazon potable water can be drawn from the ocean while still out of sight of the coastline, and the salinity of the ocean is notably lower a hundred miles out to sea.

The main river is navigable for large ocean steamers to Manaus, almost 800 miles upriver from the mouth. Smaller ocean vessels of 3,000 tons and 5.5 m draft can reach as far as Iquitos, 3,700 km from the sea. Smaller riverboats can reach 780 km higher as far as Achual Point. Beyond that, small boats frequently ascend to the Pongo de Manseriche, just above Achual Point.

The Amazon drains an area of some 6,915,000km², or a number of 40 percent of South America. It gathers its waters from 5 degrees north latitude to 20 degrees south leeway. Its most remote sources are found on the inter-Andean plateau, just a short distance from the Pacific Ocean; and, after a course of about 7,200 km through the interior of Peru and across Brazil, it enters the Atlantic Ocean at the equator.

The Amazon has altered its drainage several times, from westward in the early Cenozoic to its present eastward locomotion following the uplift of the Andes.

Arts & Crafts

2007-10-19T04:09:00.000-07:00

The Arts and Crafts progress began mainly as a search for real and meaningful styles for the 19th century and as a response to the miscellaneous revival of famous styles of the Victorian era and to "inexpressive" machine-made manufacture aided by the Industrial Revolution. Considering the instrument to be the source cause of all repetitive and ordinary evils, some of the protagonists of this association turned completely away from the use of technology and towards handcraft, which tended to focus their productions in the hands of receptive but comfortable consumers.

Yet, while the Arts and Crafts movement was in great part a effect to industrialization, if looked at on the entire, it was neither anti-modern. Some of the European factions thought that machines were in fact required, but they should only be used to reduce the tediousness of routine, repetitive tasks. At the same time, some Arts and Crafts leaders felt that things should also be reasonable. The difference between quality production and 'demo' design, and the effort to settle the two, subject design debate at the turn of the twentieth century.

VAT

2007-10-14T21:48:00.000-07:00

Value added tax (VAT), or goods and services tax (GST), is tax on exchanges. It is levied on the added value that results from each exchange. It differs from a sales tax because a sales tax is levied on the total value of the exchange. For this reason, a VAT is neutral with respect to the number of passages that there are between the producer and the final consumer. A VAT is an indirect tax, in that the tax is collected from someone other than the person who actually bears the cost of the tax (namely the seller rather than the consumer). To avoid double taxation on final consumption, exports (which by definition, are consumed abroad) are usually not subject to VAT and VAT charged under such circumstances is usually refundable.

The VAT was invented by a French economist in 1954. Maurice Lauré, joint director of the French tax authority, the Direction générale des impôts, as taxe sur la valeur ajoutée (TVA in French) was first to introduce VAT with effect from 10 April 1954 for large businesses, and extended over time to all business sectors. In France, it is the most important source of state finance, accounting for approximately 45% of state revenues.

A Brief History of the Internet

2007-10-08T22:08:00.000-07:00

By default, any ultimate history of the Internet must be short, since the Internet in one form or another has only been in reality for less than 30 years. The first iteration of the Internet was launched in 1971 with a community showing in early on 1972. This new network, recognized as ARPANET. It means Advanced Research Projects Agency Network was very ancient by today's standards, but an objective in computer interactions.
ARPANET was based upon the design concepts of Larry Roberts (MIT) and was fleshed out at the first ACM colloquium, held in Gaithersburg, TN in 1966, although RFPs weren't sent out until mid 1968.
The responsibility of security in 1969 commissioned ARPANET, and the first node was created at the University of California in Los Angeles, administration on a Honeywell DDP-516 mini-computer. The second node was recognized at Standford University and launched on October first of the same year. The third node was situated at the University of California, Santa Barbara November 1, 1969 and the fourth was opened at the University of Utah in December.

2007-10-02T21:27:00.000-07:00

Art of Loving

According to Erich From, love is the best react to the problem of human being. Love is the most satisfying accomplishment of humanity’s most powerful aspiration the desire of interpersonal union. Having a capacity of grave thinking and self-awareness, humans realized their aloneness and separateness, their individuality and their short life span. The desire for interpersonal fusion is the most powerful motivated in man. It is the most fundamental passion; it is the force which keeps the human race together family, clan, society, nation, and world. As mentioned above, love, turns out to be the most satisfying of all approach to transcend limits of individual life.

All forms of orgiastic unions are powerful and even violent; they are temporary and periodical. It is a union in which the individual self disappears to a large extent and where the aim is to belong to the group. There is orgiastic state, which may have the form of sexual orgasm, alcohol, drugs and etc. Regrettably, equality today means sameness, rather that oneness. Orgiastic unions result in a growing sense of separateness. People try to be equal by performing tasks and feelings agreed by the system and trying to follow the same rules, the same model of life from the age three or four. Union by conformity is calm and it is permanent.

Advertising

2007-09-26T22:02:00.000-07:00

Advertising is a traditional Society. This paper shows the difficulties of promoting products in conventional societies such as traditional Muslim countries. Advertising is a major marketing implement for organizations to sell their products and services. The paper argues that in conservative societies however, it is virtually impossible to convey message in a smart way. This paper discusses the Saudi society and the approaches to advertising as compared to the United States. It discusses advertising mediums such as television commercial and the internet and shows how messages put across to the consumer differ between the two countries, based on cultural demands.
Extensive hard work is made to keep the society segregated so that no mingling or socializing for the two is possible. As a result, educational institutes are segregated and the place of work does not employ women much. There are harsh laws regarding women covering themselves, traveling with a male relation and driving. In addition, media, along with the Internet, is heavily concealed for any trace of irreligious content.

The Nile

2007-09-19T22:19:00.000-07:00

The Nile is a river in Africa, often regarded as the longest river on Earth, although some sources claim the Amazon in South America is longer. The Nile has two major tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile, the latter being the source of most of the Nile's water and fertile soil, but the former being the longer of the two. The two rivers meet near Khartoum.The northern section of the river flows almost entirely through desert, from Sudan into Egypt, acountry whose civilization has depended on the river since ancient times. Most of the population of Egypt and all of its cities, with the exception of those near the coast, lie along those parts of theNile valley north of Aswan; and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along the banks of the river.The Nile ends in a large delta that flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

2007-09-12T23:54:00.000-07:00

MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia presentations may be viewed in person on stage, projected, transmitted, or played locally with a media player. A broadcast may be a live or recorded multimedia presentation. Broadcasts and recordings can be either analog or digital electronic media technology. Digital online multimedia may be downloaded or streamed. Streaming multimedia may be live or on-demand.
Multimedia games and simulations may be used in a physical environment with special effects, with multiple users in an online network, or locally with an offline computer, game system, or simulator.The various formats of technological or digital multimedia may be intended to enhance the users experience, for example to make it easier and faster to convey information. Or in entertainment or art, to transcend everyday experience.

Jewellery

2007-09-07T23:50:00.001-07:00

One universal issue is control over who could wear what jewellery, a point which indicate the powerful symbolism the wearing of jewellery evoked. In ancient Rome, for instance, only convinced ranks could wear rings; later, sumptuary laws dictated who could wear what type of jewellery; again based on rank. Cultural dictate have also played a important role; for example, the wearing of earrings by Western men was considered "effeminate" in the 19th and early 20th centuries. on the other hand, the jewellery industry in the early 20th century launched a crusade to popularize wedding rings for men — which caught on — as well as appointment rings for men , going so far as to make a false history and claim that the practice had Medieval roots. By the mid 1940s, 85% of weddings in the U.S. feature a double-ring ceremony, up from 15% in the 1920s.Religion has also played a role: Islam, for instance, consider the wearing of gold by men as a social taboo,and many religions have edicts against extreme display.

The computer

2007-09-02T22:57:00.001-07:00

A computer is a machine for manipulate data according to a list of commands known as a program. Computers are tremendously adaptable. In fact, they are universal information-processing machines. According to the Church–Turing theory, a computer with a positive minimum entrance capability is in principle capable of performing the responsibilities of any other computer. Therefore, computers with capability ranging from those of a personal digital supporter to a supercomputer may all achieve the same tasks, as long as time and memory capacity are not consideration. Therefore, the same computer design may be modified for tasks ranging from doling out company payrolls to controlling unmanned spaceflights. Due to technical progression, modern electronic computers are exponentially more capable than those of preceding generations. Computers take plentiful physical forms. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, while whole modern embedded computers may be lesser than a deck of playing cards. Even today, huge computing conveniences still exist for focused scientific computation and for the transaction processing necessities of large organizations. Smaller computers designed for personage use are called personal computers. Along with its convenient equivalent, the laptop computer, the personal computer is the ubiquitous in order processing and communication tool, and is typically what is meant by "a computer". However, the most general form of computer in use today is the embedded computer. Embedded computers are usually comparatively simple and physically small computers used to control one more device. They may control equipment from fighter aircraft to industrial robots to digital cameras. in the beginning, the term "computer" referred to a person who performed numerical calculations, frequently with the aid of a mechanical calculating device or analog computer. In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the presented loom designs that used a series of punched paper cards as a program to weave involved patterns. The resulting Jacquard loom is not considered a true computer but it was an essential step in the growth of modern digital computers.

Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a completely programmable computer as early as 1820, In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the presented loom designs that used a series of punched paper cards as a program to weave involved patterns. The resulting Jacquard loom is not considered a true computer but it was an essential step in the growth of modern digital computers.

but due to a combination of the restrictions of the technology of the time, limited finance, and an incapability to resist tinkering with his design, the device was never really constructed in his lifetime. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove helpful in computing had appeared, out such as the punch card and the vacuum tube, and large-scale automated data giving using punch cards was performed by tabulating equipment designed by Hermann Hollerith.During the first half of the 20th century, many technical computing wants were met by increasingly difficult special-purpose analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a base for subtraction (they became ever more rare after the development of the programmable digital computer). Sequence of gradually more powerful and stretchy computing devices were construct in the 1930s and 1940s.

Water Pollution

2007-08-27T02:45:00.000-07:00

Organic wastes such as sewage impose high oxygen demands on the receiving water leading to oxygen reduction with potentially severe impacts on the whole eco-system. Industries release a variety of pollutants in their wastewater including heavy metals, organic toxins, oils, nutrients, and solids. Discharges can also have thermal effects, particularly those from power stations, and these too decrease the available oxygen. Silt-bearing overflow from many activities including construction sites, deforestation and agriculture can inhibit the penetration of sunlight through the water column, restricting photosynthesis and causing blanketing of the lake or river bed, in turn damaging ecological systems.

The Mouflon

2007-08-20T21:48:00.000-07:00

The Mouflon is a species of wild sheep and as such is one of the Caprinae or "goat antelopes". It is thought to be one of the two ancestors for all modern domestic sheep breeds. It is red-brown with a dark back-stripe, light colored saddle patch and underparts. The males are horned and the females are horned or polled.

They originated in Southwest Asia, where the species known as Asiatic mouflon lives. They were introduced to the islands of Corsica, Sardinia, and Cyprus during the neolithic period, perhaps as feral domesticated animals, where they naturalized to the mountainous interiors of these islands over the past few thousand years, giving rise to the species known as European mouflon . They are now rare on the islands, but have been successfully introduced into central Europe, including Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania, even in some northern European countries, such as Finland.

The scientific classification of the Mouflon is disputed but the European Mouflon may be considered as either Ovis musimon or Ovis ammon musimon.

Flowers

2007-08-13T21:32:00.000-07:00

A flower also recognized as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive configuration establish in flowering plants. The flower's structure contains the plant's reproductive organs, and its role is to make seeds. After fertilization, portions of the flower build up into a fruit containing the seeds. For the high plants, seeds are the next production, and serve up as the primary means by which individuals of a variety are dispersed across the scenery. The grouping of flowers on a place is called the inflorescence.

Many flowers in natural world have evolved to magnetize animals to pollinate the flower, the actions of the pollinating means contributing to the chance for genetic recombination within a dispersed plant population. Flowers commonly have glands called nectarines on their various parts that attract these birds.

Bucees

2007-08-05T23:26:00.000-07:00

Bucees is the excellent supermarket shop available to the people of America and Texas. Bucees is a place which offers full time shopping at one store itself. All commodities are sold at bucees and we offer our services at more than one store. Bucees employees work hard and make sure that the customer receives the needed shopping from the store they need.

Bucees supplies gasoline and diesel to the customer with formulated additives with highest quality. Bucees shopping are available at different places of America to facilitate the customer to come up with the commodity needed. We make sure that we work hard to satisfy your requirements.

In geography

2007-07-27T22:54:00.001-07:00

Geographical space is called land, and has a relation to ownership. While some cultures assert the rights of the individual in terms of ownership, other cultures will identify with a communal approach to land ownership, while still other cultures, rather than asserting ownership rights to land, invert the relationship and consider that they are in fact owned by the land. Spatial planning is a method of regulating the use of space at land-level, with decisions made at regional, national and international levels. Space can also impact on human and cultural behaviour, being an important factor in architecture, where it will impact on the design of buildings and structures, and on farming.

Ownership of space is not restricted to land. Ownership of airspace and of waters is decided internationally. Other forms of ownership have been recently asserted to other spaces — for example to the radio bands of the electromagnetic spectrum or to cyberspace.

Public space is a term used to define areas of land is collectively owned by the community, and managed in their name by delegated authorities. Such spaces are open to all, while private property is the land owned by an individual or company, for their own use and pleasure.

Abstract space is a term used in geography to refer to a hypothetical space characterized by complete homogeneity. When modeling activity or behavior, it is a conceptual tool used to limit extraneous variables such as terrain.

Rod cells

2007-07-22T22:22:00.000-07:00

Rod cells, or rods, are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that can function in less intense light than can the other type of photoreceptor, cone cells. Since they are more light-sensitive, rods are responsible for night vision. Named for their cylindrical shape, rods are concentrated at the outer edges of the retina and are used in peripheral vision. There are about 100 million rod cells in the human retina.

A rod cell is sensitive enough to respond to a single photon of light, and is about 100 times more sensitive to a single photon than cones. Since rods require less light to function than cones, they are therefore the primary source of visual information at night . Cone cells, on the other hand, require tens to hundreds of photons to become activated. Additionally, multiple rod cells converge on a single interneuron, collecting and amplifying the signals. However, this convergence comes at a cost to visual acuity since the pooled information from multiple cells is less distinct than it would be if the visual system received information from each rod cell individually. The convergence of rod cells also tends to make peripheral vision very sensitive to movement, and is responsible for the phenomenon of individuals seeing something vague occur out of the corner of his or her eye.Because they have only one type of light sensitive pigment, rather than the three types that human cone cells have, rods have little, if any, role in color vision.

Rod cells also respond more slowly to light than cones do, so stimuli they receive are added over about 100 milliseconds. While this makes rods more sensitive to smaller amounts of light, it also means that their ability to sense temporal changes, such as quickly changing images is less accurate than that of cones However, if multiple flashes of sub-threshold light occurs during the 100 millisecond period, the energy of the flashes of light would summate to produce a light which will reach threshold and send a signal to the brain.

Experiments by George Wald and others showed that rods are more sensitive to the blue area of the spectrum, and are completely insensitive to wavelengths above about 640 nm . This fact is responsible for the Purkinje effect, in which blue colors appear more intense relative to reds in darker light, when rods take over as the cells responsible for vision.

Like cones, rod cells have a synaptic terminal, an inner segment, and an outer segment. The synaptic terminal forms a synapse with another neuron, for example a bipolar cell. The inner and outer segments are connected by a cilium. The inner segment contains organelles and the cell's nucleus, while the outer segment, which is pointed toward the front of the eye, contains the light-absorbing materials.

Thunderbolt

2007-07-16T22:19:00.000-07:00

A thunderbolt is a conventional expression for a release of lightning or a emblematic representation thereof. As a heavenly manifestation it has been a powerful symbol throughout history, and has appeared in many mythologies. Drawing from this influential association, the thunderbolt is often found in military symbolism and semiotic representations of electricity.Lightning plays a role in many mythologies, often as the stick of a sky and storm god. As such, it is an unsurpassed method of dramatic instantaneous retributive devastation: thunderbolts as divine weapons can be found in most mythologies. The most well-known thunderbolt weapon in the West was that of Zeus or Jupiter. His thunderbolts were manufactured by Hephaestus/Vulcan Jupiter used his thunderbolts to strike down impious criminals and divine opponents.

In Astronomy

2007-07-11T22:38:00.001-07:00

Space refers collectively to the relatively empty parts of the universe. Any area outside the atmospheres of any celestial body can be considered 'space'. Although space is certainly spacious, it is not always empty, but can be filled with matter — say a tenuous plasma. In particular, the boundary between space and Earth's atmosphere is conventionally set at the Karman line.

Jewellery and society

2007-07-05T22:16:00.000-07:00

Jewellery is factually any piece of fine material used to decorate oneself. Although in earlier times jewellery was created for more convenient uses, such as wealth storage and pinning clothes together, in recent times it has been used almost completely for beautification. The first pieces of jewellery were made from likely materials, such as bone and animal teeth, shell, wood and engraved stone. Jewellery was often made for people of high importance to show their status and, in many cases, they were covered with it.Jewellery is made out of almost every material recognized and has been made to garnish nearly every body part, from hairpins to toe rings and many more types of jewellery. While high-quality and artistic pieces are made with gemstones and valuable metals, less pricey costume jewellery is made from less-valuable materials and is mass-produced.Form and function Kenyan man exhausting tribal beads.Over time, jewellery has been used for a number of reasons: Currency, wealth display and storage, purposeful Symbolism Protection and Artistic display Most cultures have at some point had a practice of observance large amounts of wealth stored in the form of jewellery. Numerous cultures move wedding dowries in the form of jewelry, or create jewelry as a means to store or display coins. on the other hand, jewellery has been used as a currency or trade good; a mostly poignant example being the use of slave beads.

In creating jewellery, a variety of gemstones, coins, or other valuable items can be used, often set into precious metals. Common expensive metals used for modern jewellery include gold, platinum or silver, although alloys of nearly every metal known can be encountered in jewellery -- bronze, for example, was common in Roman times. Most gold jewellery is made of an alloy of gold, the purity of which is affirmed in karats, indicated by a number followed by the letter K. For example, ordinary gold jewellery ranges from 10K (41.7% pure gold) to 22K (91.6% pure gold), while 24K (99.9% pure gold) is considered too soft for jewellery use.
Platinum alloys variety from 900 (90% pure) to 950 (95.0% pure). The silver used in jewellery is usually sterling silver, or 92.5% fine silver.Other generally used materials include glass, such as merged glass or enamel; wood, often carved or turned; shells and other natural animal substances such as bone and ivory; natural clay, polymer clay, and even plastics.

Three Gorges Dam

2007-06-29T22:35:00.000-07:00

The Three Gorges Dam spans the Yangtze River on Sandouping, Yichang, Hubei region, China. Construction began in 1994. It will be the major hydroelectric dam in the world, more than five times the size of the Hoover Dam. The reservoir began filling on June 1, 2003, and will occupy the current position of the scenic Three Gorges area, between the cities of Yichang, Hubei; and Fuling, Chongqing. Structural work was finished on May 20, 2006, nine months ahead of schedule. However, some generators still have to be installed and the dam is not expected to become fully equipped until 2009.

Three Gorges Dam, downstream side, 26 July 2004As with many dams, there is controversy over the operating cost and benefits of the Three Gorges Dam. Although there are economic profit from flood control and hydroelectric power, there are also concerns concerning the future of over 1.9 million people who will be displaced by the flood waters, the loss of some valuable archaeological and cultural sites, as well as the effects on the environment. It is believed that the dam was a contributing part in the extinction of the Yangtze River Dolphin.

ETA

2007-06-24T23:20:00.000-07:00

Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or ETA is a Basque nationalist terrorist group founded in 1959. It evolved rapidly from a group advocating usual cultural ways to an armed group fighting for Basque self-government. Every formulation of ETA's goals have centered on sovereignty and self-determination for the Basque Country. ETA's motto is Bietan jarrai. This refers to the two figures in the ETA sign, a snake wrapped around an axe.

ETA is listed as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, European Union and the United States in their related watch lists. ETA has committed about 900 killings and dozens of kidnappings. More than 500 ETA militants are held in jail in Spain and France. On March 22, 2006 the association declared a "permanent ceasefire." After government rejection to agree any peace settlements, ETA broke the ceasefire with a car blast attack on December 30, 2006 at Barajas International Airport, Madrid killing two Ecuadorian immigrants.

Astrology

2007-06-19T05:47:00.000-07:00

Astrology is a set of systems, traditions, and idea in which knowledge of the relative positions of celestial bodies and correlated details is held to be useful in understanding, interpreting, and organizing information regarding personality, human relationships, and further terrestrial matters. A practitioner of astrology is called an astrologer. In history, the term mathematic was used to signify a person capable in astrology, astronomy, and mathematics.

Even though the two fields allocate a familiar origin, modern astronomy is totally different from astrology. Astronomy is the scientific study of astronomical matter and phenomena, while astrology is anxious with the attempt to correlate these phenomena with worldly affairs. Astrology is variously careful by its proponents to be a symbolic language, a form of art or science. The scientific community normally considers astrology to be a pseudoscience as astrologers have abortive empirical tests in prohibited studies. Despite the need of scientific evidence, trust in astrology is widespread.

Three Gorges Dam

2007-06-13T22:59:00.000-07:00

Yoga

2007-06-08T01:50:00.000-07:00

Military decoration

2007-06-03T23:00:00.000-07:00

A military decoration is a decoration given to military personnel or units for heroism in battle or distinguished service. They are designed to be worn on military uniform.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Decorations have been known since ancient times. Celts and Romans wore a torc, Dayaks wore and still wear tattoos, etc. Necklaces and bracelets were given during the early middle Ages, evolving into richly jewelled big necklaces, often with a pendant attached.

Wallpaper

2007-05-28T00:25:00.000-07:00

Wallpaper is material which is used to coat and decorate the interior walls of home, offices, and other buildings; it is one part of interior decoration. Wallpapers are usually sold in rolls and are place onto a wall using wallpaper glue.

Wallpapers can appear either plain so it can be decorated or with patterned graphics. Wallpaper printing techniques contain surface printing, gravure printing, silk screen-printing, and rotary printing. Mathematically speaking, there are seventeen basic patterns, described as wallpaper groups, which can be used to tile an countless plane. All artificial wallpaper patterns are based on these groups. A single model can be issued in several different color ways.

Parachute

2007-05-23T21:47:00.001-07:00

By creating drag, a parachute is a soft fabric device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere. Parachutes are usually used to slow the descent of a person or object to Earth or another celestial body within an atmosphere. Occasionally Drogue parachutes are also used to aid horizontal deceleration of a vehicle. From the French words para, protect or shield, and chute, the fall, parachute the word came. "Fall protection" is the real meaning of parachute. Recent parachutes are classified as semi-rigid wings, are quite maneuverable, and can facilitate a controlled descent similar to that of a glider.

Now parachutes are constructed from more durable woven nylon fabric, sometimes coated with silicone to improve performance and consistency over time, but it once made from silk. Manufacturers of parachutes switched to low-stretch materials like Dacron or zero-stretch materials like Spectra, Kevlar, Vectran and high-modulus aramids When the square parachutes were introduced.

Games

2007-05-18T23:47:00.000-07:00

A game is a prepared or semi-structured activity, generally undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes also used as an learning tool. (The term "game" is also used to explain recreation of different activities e.g., for the purposes of training, study or prediction, etc,) Games are generally different from work, which is usually accepted out for payment, and from art, which is more concerned with the term of ideas. However, the distinction is not clear-cut, and a lot of games may also be considered work and/or art. Key components of games are goals, policy, challenge, and interactivity. Games generally involve mental or objective stimulation, and often both. Many games help develop useful skills, serve as a form of exercise, or else perform an educational, simulation or emotional role.

Seahorses

2007-05-15T22:17:00.001-07:00

Seahorses are marine fish belonging to the genus Hippocampus of the family Syngnathidae, which also includes pipefish. They are found in temperate and tropical waters all over the world.

Seahorses range in size from 16 mm to 35 cm. Seahorses and pipe fishes are notable for being the only species in which males become "pregnant”. The seahorse is a true fish, with a dorsal fin located on the lower body and pectoral fins located on the head near their gills. Some species of seahorse are partly transparent and are rarely seen in pictures.

Seahorse populations have been endangered in recent years by over fishing. The seahorse is used in traditional Chinese herbology, and as many as 20 million seahorses may be caught each year and sold for this purpose.

Import and export of seahorses has been controlled under CITES since May 15, 2004.Sea dragons are close relatives of seahorses but have bigger bodies and leaf-like appendages which enable them to hide among floating seaweed or kelp beds. Sea dragons feed on larval fishes and amphipods, such as small shrimp-like crustaceans called mysids, sucking up their prey with their small mouths. Many of these amphipods feed on red algae that thrives in the shade of the kelp forests where the sea dragons live.

CD-ROM

2007-05-09T04:20:00.000-07:00

CD-ROM (an abbreviation of "Compact Disc read-only memory") is a Compact Disc that contains information accessible by a computer. While the Compact Disc format was formerly designed for music storage and playback, the format was later adapted to hold any form of binary data. CD-ROMs are commonly used to distribute computer software, including games and multimedia applications, though any data can be stored (up to the capacity limit of a disc). Some CDs seize both computer data and audio with the latter capable of being played on a CD player, whilst data (such as software or digital video) is only usable on a computer. These are called Enhanced CDs.

Although many people use lowercase letters in this acronym, proper appearance is in all capital letters with a hyphen between CD and ROM. It was also suggested by some, specially soon after the technology was first released, that CD-ROM was an acronym for "Compact Disc read-only-media", or that it was a more 'correct' definition. This was not the purpose of the original team who developed the CD-ROM, and common acceptance of the 'memory' definition is now almost universal. This is probably in no small part due to the prevalent use of other 'ROM' acronyms such as Flash-ROMs and EEPROMs where 'memory' is the correct term.

Astrology

2007-04-26T23:55:00.001-07:00

Philips

2007-04-23T21:28:00.000-07:00

Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. usually known as Philips, is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. In 2004, its sales were € 30.3 billion and it employed 159,709 people in more than 60 countries. Philips is organized in a number of divisions: Philips Consumer Electronics, Philips Semiconductors, Philips Lighting, Philips Medical Systems and Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care.
As a chip maker, Philips Semiconductors is among the Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Sales Leaders.
The company was founded in 1891 by Gerard Philips in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. Its first products were light bulbs 'and other electro technical equipment'. Its first factory remains as a museum. In the 1920s, the company started to manufacture other products, and in 1939 its first electric razor, the Philishave, was introduced. Philips markets its shavers in the USA using the Norelco name. Philips introduced the compact audio cassette tape, which was wildly successful, though its attempt to set a standard for video cassette recorders, the V2000, was unsuccessful in the face of competition from the Betamax and especially VHS standards.

Nuclear weapon

2007-04-16T21:31:00.001-07:00

From nuclear reactions of fission or fusion nuclear weapon derives its destructive power. Even a single weapon is capable of destroying an entire city.

During the closing days of World War II nuclear weapons have been used twice and the first event was United States dropped uranium gun-type device code-named "Little Boy" on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Three days later it dropped a plutonium implosion-type device code-named "Fat Man" on the city of Nagasaki.These events killed around 100,000 to 200,000 people and still it’s affecting the newborn –babies.

United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France, People's Republic of China, India, Pakistan, and North Korea are the countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons.Iran attempting to develop nuclear capabilities, though its government claims that it’s acknowledged nuclear activities, such as uranium enrichment, is for peaceful purposes currently. Nuclear explosives have been used for various non-military uses also.

Cast iron

2007-04-10T21:37:00.000-07:00

Cast iron usually refers to grey cast iron, but can mean any of a group of iron-based alloys containing more than 2% carbon. It is made by remelting pig iron, often along with substantial quantities of scrap iron and scrap steel, and taking various steps to remove undesirable contaminants such as phosphorus and sulfur. Carbon and silicon content are reduced to the desired levels, which may be anywhere from 2% to 3.5% for carbon and 1% to 3% for silicon depending on the application. Other elements are then added to the melt before the final form is produced by casting.
Iron is most commonly melted in a small blast furnace known as a cupola. After melting is complete, the molten iron is removed or ladled from the forehearth of the blast furnace. This process is thought to have been devised by the late 18th century ironmaster John Wilkinson, whose innovative ideas revolutionized the field of metallurgy. Previously, iron was melted in an air furnace, which is a type of reverberatory furnace.

MBA-overview!

2007-04-04T21:27:00.001-07:00

Every student entering business school to get their MBA degree will require various skills and have basic expertise in particular areas. The level of the mathematical skills will vary depending upon the choice of your program. Many MBA programs need algebra, statistics, and most likely calculus. You may want to revive your skills if they are in query before entering an MBA program, because joining an MBA program without basic skills will be a bit tougher to get through. Most business schools needs the use of private computers throughout your MBA program, in some cases many school will require that you possess your own laptop. Though the degree to which you use a computer will differ, you should be contented with the complete knowledge of word processing, spreadsheets and databases. Every school will provide you their minimum basic necessities for computer skills.

Business schools today try to impersonate the business setting in their academic programs by using student teams. As businesses more and more twisted to teams to work on projects and to solve troubles, MBA programs have converted a huge portion of course work from individual work to teamwork. Many masters of business administration programs now contain teambuilding training as team building workshops, or as a theme in managerial performance courses. Teams are formed mainly for the reason of one project in one course or by remaining together, working on multiple courses for months. In this competitive situation of Business administration programs, the collaboration of students in team building movements is often complicated. Students that take part in team activities find that working with someone else takes up a lot of educational time.

The business fundamentals are taught in every MBA program. Economics, finance, accounting, organizational behavior, marketing, and statistics are in the basic range for master of business administration programs. In business school these subjects are considered a foundation group of courses required for each and every candidate.

These core courses make up the first year of study in a two-year full-time program. In some programs, students who have a prior background in business can by pass some or all of the core courses on the basis of either a special examination or an evaluation of the undergraduate transcript. In some programs, students who have a previous backdrop in business can go around some or all of the foundation courses on the basis of either a special examination or an assessment of the undergraduate record.

Infrared

2007-03-25T21:44:00.000-07:00

Infrared (IR) emission is electromagnetic emission of a wavelength longer than that of noticeable light, but shorter than that of radio waves. The name means "below red", red being the color of detectable light of longest wavelength. Infrared radiation spans three instructions of magnitude and has wavelengths between about 750 nm and 1 mm.

These divisions are suitable by the different human response to this radiation: near infrared is the area closest in wavelength to the radiation detectable by the human eye, mid and far infrared are gradually further from the visible regime. Other definitions follow different physical mechanisms and the newest follow technical reasons .Unfortunately the international standards for these specifications are not currently obtainable.

The boundary between visible and infrared light is not precisely defined. The human eye is markedly less responsive to light above 700 nm wavelength, so longer frequencies make irrelevant contributions to scenes illuminated by common light sources. But particularly strong light (e.g., from lasers, or from bright daylight with the visible light removed by colored gels can be detected up to approximately 780 nm, and will be apparent as red light. The onset of infrared is defined at different values typically between 700 nm and 780 nm.

Patrice Luzi

2007-03-18T21:37:00.001-07:00

Patrice Luzi Bernardi is a French goalkeeper recently with Liverpool but released by the Anfield club in June 2005. He then signed a contract with Belgian side Mouscron.
Having previously played for Monaco and Ajaccio, Luzi made his Liverpool debut in January 2004 against Chelsea in a 1-0 win. He made two wonderful saves to deny Chelsea, but was left frustrated when he later was left out from the first team. His chances where limited when Liverpool loaned in Southampton's Paul Jones to cover from Jerzy Dudek and Chris Kirkland. Patrice Luzi has been described as a good shot stopper with good handling and distribution.
The SRBs are the largest solid-propellant motors ever flown and the first of such large rockets designed for reuse. Each is 149.16 feet long and 12.17 feet in diameter.

University

2007-03-12T21:30:00.000-07:00

A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees at all levels bachelor, master, and doctorate in a variety of subjects. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education. The word university is derived from the Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium, roughly meaning community of masters and scholars.

Because of the above definition, there is some controversy regarding which is the world's oldest university. If we consider a university as a corporation of students, then Plato's Academy is the first historically documented university. The original Latin word "universitas", first used at the time of renewed interest in Classical Greek and Roman tradition, tried to reflect this feature of Academy. If we consider university simply as a higher education institution, then it could be Shangyang, which was founded before the 21st c. BC in China, if it is not a just myth. In the western world, the choice is between Takshashila, Nalanda, Ratnagiri University and Al-Azhar University.

Essentials of healthy life-cleanliness a brief review

2007-03-06T20:35:00.000-08:00

Health is wealth so preserve it. Life is short so use it in the right way. Cleanliness merely fits with the apt meaning of being free from dirt, dust, germs and bad smells. A recent shift has now taken place to recognise that 'germs' may play a major role in our immune systems. So experts say washing hands frequently, specially when in an environment of many people with infections and diseases. Washing is one of the best way to achieve cleanliness.Have a brief overlook on the following issue to be aware of how to keep one self clean.
A step way process regarding cleanliness of hands is given below:
• Use warm water
• But avoid scorching your hands.
• Use anti-bacterial soap or hand wash.
• Wash between fingers and use paper towels to wipe off.
Washing of hands has to be followed
• Before eating
• After eating
• After using the toilet
• After playing outdoor games
• After attending to a sick person
• After blowing nose, coughing, or sneezing; and after handling pets.
The proverb "Cleanliness is next to Godliness," a common phrase that describes humanity's high opinion of being clean. Purposes of cleanliness include health, beauty and to avoid the spreading of germs .If your hands have any kind of skin cut or infection, wash hands with an anti bacterial soap. Thoroughly wash with hot, soapy water all surfaces that come in contact with raw meat, poultry, fish, and eggs before moving on to the next step in food preparation. Consider using paper towels to clean kitchen surfaces.
Keep pets, household cleaners, and other chemicals away from food and surfaces used for food. Along with removing any old food or dirty water, it's a very good practice to clean the bowls or containers that the food and water are in, ever Hygienic practices—such as frequent hand washing or the use of boiled (and thus sterilized) water have a profound impact on reducing the spread of disease. This is because they kill or remove disease-causing microbes (germs) in the immediate surroundings. For instance, washing one's hands after using the toilet and before handling food reduces the chance of spreading E. coli bacteria and Hepatitis A, both of which are spread from fecal contamination of food.-healthy
Personal cleanliness:sadblack1
common

• Daily washing of the body and hair.
• More frequent washing of hands and face.
• Oral hygiene—Daily brushing teeth.
• Cleaning of the clothes and living area.
• Use of bandaging and dressing of wounds.
• Not touching animals before eating.
• avoidance of unhygienic people.
• Holding a tissue in your hand when coughing or sneezeing.
• Suppression of habits such as spitting or nose-picking.
• Washing hands before eating.
• Not licking fingers before picking up sheets of paper.
• Cut finger nails and toe nails.

Public transport

2007-02-26T20:29:00.000-08:00

Public transport, public transportation, public travel or mass transit comprises all transport systems in which the passengers do not tour in their own vehicles. While it is generally taken to include rail and bus services, wider definitions would comprise scheduled airline services, ship, taxicab services etc. – any system that transports members of the universal public. A further restriction that is sometimes practical is that it must take place in shared vehicles that would bar taxis that are not shared-ride taxis.

People mover

2007-02-18T20:32:00.001-08:00

A people mover or automated people mover is a completely automated, grade-separated transit system. The term is normally used only to describe systems serving relatively small areas such as airports, downtown districts or theme parks, but is sometimes useful to considerably more complex automated systems. The term does not involve any particular technology, and a people mover may use technologies such as monorail, duorail, automated guide way transit or maglev. Propulsion may engage conventional on-board electric motors, linear motors or cable traction.

A few complex APMs deploy fleets of small vehicles over a track network with off-line stations, and supply near non-stop service to passengers. These taxi-like systems are more frequently referred to as personal rapid transit. Other complex APMs have related characteristics to mass transit systems, and there is no clear cut difference between a complex APM of this type and an automated mass transit system.

The Real Miracle

2007-02-12T05:10:00.000-08:00

As far as Miracles is concern, turning salty seawater in to sweet water is quite amazing. Regardless of the scientific clarification being doled out—surplus freshwater flowing from the Mahim River into the sea—the thousand mass to Mahim Creek near the beachfront in Mumbai will pretty see the ‘transubstantiation’ as the deed of the late Haji Maqdoom Baba, whose shrine is in the area. Mass hysteria, of course, is only a term to clarify the hordes of believers filling plastic bottles and drinking the water. But the real miracle would be if those glugging the ‘miraculous’ water manages to flee succumbing to serious gastric illness.
The water of Mahim Creek, sweetened or otherwise, is dirty and would scandalize not only the likes of Sunita Narain of the Centre for Science and Environment. Maharashtra Chief Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh and officials of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai have already request to people not to drink the water. Industrial waste is not the finest ingredient for a miracle. But telling this to goggle-eyed people facing even more goggle-eyed TV cameras is as worthwhile as persuasive people that a Ganesh idol sipping milk is caused by suction and not godly lactose tolerance.
Fortunately, rumors of the sweetened water turning back to its original brackish form might stop a future surge. Now we only wait for the real miracle of no one complaining of sickness.

Journalism Basics

2007-02-05T06:54:00.000-08:00

Journalism is a concrete, professionally oriented major that involves gathering, interpreting, distilling, and other reporting information to the general audiences through a variety of media means. Journalism majors learn about every possible kind of Journalism (including magazine, newspaper, online journalism, photojournalism, broadcast journalism, and public relations).
That's not all, though. In addition to dedicated training in writing, editing, and reporting, Journalism wants a working knowledge of history, culture, and current events. You'll more than likely be required to take up a broad range of courses that runs the range from statistics to the hard sciences to economics to history. There would also be a lot of haughty talk about professional ethics and civic responsibility too - and you'll be tested on it. To top it all off, you'll perhaps work on the university newspaper or radio station, or possibly complete an internship with a magazine or a mass media conglomerate.

Software

2007-01-29T08:20:00.000-08:00

Software basically is the distinct image or representation of physical or material position that constitute configuration to or functional identity of a machine, usually a computer. As a substance of memory, software in principle can be changed without the alteration to the static paradigm of the hardware thus without the remanufacturing thereof. generally software is of an algorithmic form which translates into being to a progression of machine instructions. Some software, however, is of a relational form which translate into being the map of a recognition network.
Software is a program that enables a computer to achieve a specific task, as contrasting to the physical components of the system . This include application software such as a word processor, which enables a user to achieve a task, and system software such as an operating system, which enables other software to run suitably, by interfacing with hardware and with other software.
The term "software" was first used in this intellect by John W. Tukey in 1957. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all computer program. The perception of reading different sequences of instructions into the memory of a apparatus to control computations was invented by Charles Babbage as part of his difference engine. The theory that is the source for most modern software was first projected by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungs problem.
TypesPractical computer systems partition software into three major classes: system software, programming software and application software, although the division is subjective, and often blurred.
* System software is one of the major class helps run the computer hardware and computer system. It includes working systems, device drivers, analytical tools, servers, windowing systems, utilities and more. The intention of systems software is to protect the applications programmer as much as possible from the details of theexacting computer complex being use, especially memory and other hardware features, and such accessory procedure as communications, printers, readers, displays, keyboards, etc.
* Programming software usually provide tools to support a programmer in writing computer programs and software with different programming languages in a more suitable way.The tools comprise text editors, compilers, interpreters, linkers, debuggers, and so on, An incorporated development environment merge those tools into a software bundle, and a programmer may not need to type various command for compiling, interpreter, debugging, tracing, and etc., because the IDE typically has an sophisticated graphical user interface, or GUI.
* Application software allows humans to complete one or more explicit tasks. typical applications include manufacturingautomation, business software, educational software, medical software, databases and computer games. Businesses are possibly the biggest users of application software, but approximately every field of human action now uses some form of application software. It is used tocomputerizeall sorts of functions.

Gold

2007-01-22T06:33:00.000-08:00

Gold is a extremely sought-after valuable metal that for many centuries has been used as money, a store of value and in ornaments. The metal occurs as nugget or grains in rocks and in alluvial deposits and is one of the coinage metals. It is a soft, glossy, yellow, dense, malleable, and ductile change metal. Modern manufacturing uses include dentistry and electronics. Gold forms the basis for a financial typical used by the International Monetary Fund and the Bank for International resolution . Its ISO currency code is XAU.
Gold is a tinny element with a trait yellow color, but can also be black or ruby when finely alienated, while colloidal solutions are intensely tinted and often purple. These colors are the effect of gold's plasmon frequency lying in the visible range, which causes red and yellow glow to be reflected, and blue light to be engrossed. Only silver colloids show the same interactions with light, albeit at a shorter occurrence, making silver colloids yellow in color.
Gold is a good conductor of temperature and electricity, and is not precious by air and most reagents. Heat, damp, oxygen, and most corrosive agents have very little chemical effect on gold, making it well-suited for use in coins and jewelry; equally, halogens will chemically alter gold, and aqua regia dissolve it.
Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use and is hard-boiled by alloying with silver, copper, and other metals. Gold and its lots of alloys are most often used in jewelry, coinage and as a typical for monetary exchange in various countries. When promotion it in the form of jewelry, gold is calculated in karats, with pure gold being 24k. However, it is more commonly sold in lower capacity of 22k, 18k, and 14k. A lower "k" indicates a higher percent of copper or silver assorted into the alloy, with copper being the more typically used metal between the two. Fourteen karat gold-copper alloy will be almost identical in color to definite bronze alloys, and both may be used to produce polish and added badges. Eighteen karat gold with a high copper content is establish in some traditional jewelry and will have a distinct, though not dominant copper cast, giving an attractively warm color. A comparable karat weight when alloyed with silvery metals will appear less humid in color, and some low karat white metal alloys may be sold as "white gold", silvery in exterior with a slightly yellow cast but far more resistant to decay than silver or sterling silver. Karat weights of twenty and higher is more general in modern jewelry. Because of its high electrical conductivity and confrontation to decay and other desirable combinations of physical and chemical properties, gold also emerged in the late 20th century as an vital industrial metal, particularly as thin plating on electrical card associates and connectors.

Chinese White Dolphin

2007-01-11T06:22:00.000-08:00

The Chinese White Dolphin also called Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin, is a subspecies of the Humpback dolphin and is one of eighty cetacean species. The adult dolphin is usually white or grey in colour. The population along the Chinese coast is unique in that they exhibit a pink-coloured skin. This colour of the skin is not a result of colour pigmentation, but is actually from blood vessels used for thermoregulation to prevent overheating during exertion. The adult's body length is about 220 - 250 centimeters and the infant's body length is about 1 meter. The average weight of an adult is around 150 to 230 kilograms.

The Indo-Pacific dolphins can be found throughout Southeast Asia, and they breed from South Africa to Australia. There are two subspecies, with Sumatra, one of the Indonesian islands, as the dividing line between the Chinese and the Western subspecies, Sousa chinensis plumbea.The two subspecies differ in color and size of their dorsal fin.The subspecies found in Southeast Asia has pinkish white skin and a larger dorsal fin but lacks the fatty hump of its South African and Australian counterparts.

The Tank

2007-01-05T22:03:00.000-08:00

A tank is a tracked armoured fighting vehicle, designed to engage enemy forces by the use of direct fire. A tank is characterized by heavy weapons and armour, as well as by a high degree of mobility that allows it to cross rough terrain at relatively high speeds. While tanks are expensive to operate and logistically demanding, they are among the most formidable and versatile weapons of the modern battlefield, both for their ability to engage other ground targets and their shock value against infantry.
While tanks are powerful fighting machines, they seldom operate alone, being organized into armoured units in combined arms forces. Without such support, tanks, despite their armour and mobility, are vulnerable to infantry, mines, artillery, and air power. Tanks are also at a disadvantage in wooded terrain and urban environments, which cancel the advantages of the tank's long-range firepower, limit the crew's ability to detect potential threats, and can even limit the turret's ability to traverse.
Tanks were first used in the First World War to break the deadlock of the trenches, and they evolved gradually to assume the role of cavalry on the battlefield. The name tank first arose in British factories making the hulls of the first battle tanks: the workmen were given the impression they were constructing tracked water containers for the British Army, hence keeping the production of a fighting vehicle secret.
During WW1 two major types of tanks evolved; the "male tank" which is the vehicle associated with the word today, and the female tank. The female tank contained a series of smaller weapons located around the hull as opposed to the single large weapon seen on today's tanks, and was mainly designed as an anti-infantry platform. After WW1 ended this type of vehicle was largely replaced by infantry carriers.
Tanks and armour tactics have undergone many generations of evolution over nearly a century. Although weapons systems and armour continue to be developed, many nations have reconsidered the need for such heavy weaponry in a period characterized by unconventional warfare.

Spatial Measurement

2007-01-01T20:55:00.000-08:00

The measurement of physical space has long been important. Geometry, the name given to the branch of mathematics which measures spatial relations, was popularised by the ancient Greeks, although earlier societies had developed measuring systems. The International System of Units, is now the most common system of units used in the measuring of space, and is almost universally used within science.
Geography is the branch of science concerned with identifying and describing the Earth, utilising spatial awareness to try and understand why things exist in specific locations. Cartography is the mapping of spaces to allow better navigation, for visualisation purposes and to act as a locational device. Geostatistics apply statistical concepts to collected spatial data in order to create an estimate for unobserved phenomena. Astronomy is the science involved with the observation, explanation and measuring of objects in outer space

The International System of Units

2006-12-25T21:33:00.000-08:00

The International System of Units is the modern form of the metric system. It is the world's most widely used system of units, both in everyday commerce and in science.
The older metric system included several groupings of units. The SI was developed in 1960 from the metre-kilogram-second system, rather than the centimetre-gram-second system which, in turn, had many variants.
The SI introduced several newly named units. The SI is not static; it is a living set of standards where units are created and definitions are modified with international agreement as measurement technology progresses.
With few exceptions, the system is used in every country in the world, and many countries do not maintain official definitions of other units. In the United States, industrial use of SI is increasing, but popular use is still limited. In the United Kingdom, conversion to metric units is official policy but not yet complete. Those countries that still recognize non-SI units have redefined their traditional non-SI units in terms of SI units.

In Mathematics

2006-12-17T20:42:00.000-08:00

Space is a set, with some particular properties and usually some additional structure. It is not a formally defined concept as such, but a generic name for a number of similar concepts, most of which generalize some abstract properties of the physical concept of space.
In particular, a vector space and specifically a Euclidean space can be seen as generalizations of the concept of a Euclidean coordinate system. Important varieties of vector spaces with more imposed structure include Banach space and Hilbert space. Distance measurement is abstracted as the concept of metric space and volume measurement leads to the concept of measure space.
As far as the concept of dimension is defined, although three-dimensional space is the most commonly thought of dimensional space, the number of dimensions for a space to exist need not be three: it can also be zero, one, two, more than three, finite or infinite, and with some definitions, a non-integer value. Mathematicians often study general structures that hold regardless of the number of dimensions

The Canadian Pacific Railway

2006-12-11T04:13:00.000-08:00

The Canadian Pacific Railway known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a Canadian Class I railway operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited. Its rail network stretches from Vancouver to Montreal, and also serves major cities in the United States such as Minneapolis, Chicago, and New York City. Its headquarters are in Calgary, Alberta.
The railway was originally built between eastern Canada and British Columbia between 1881 and fulfilling a promise extended to British Columbia when it entered Confederation in 1871. It was Canada's first transcontinental railway. Now primarily a freight railway, the CPR was for two decades the only practical means of long distance passenger transport in most regions of Canada, and was instrumental in the settlement and development of Western Canada. Its primary passenger services were eliminated in 1986 after being assumed by VIA Rail Canada in 1978. A beaver was chosen as the railway's logo because it is one of the national symbols of Canada and represents the hardworking character of the company. The object of both praise and damnation for over 120 years, the CPR remains an indisputable icon of Canadian nationalism.
Tunisia officially the Tunisian Republic is a country situated on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. It is the northernmost African country and the smallest of the nations situated along the Atlas mountain range, bordering Algeria, to the west, and Libya to the south east. Around forty percent of the country is composed of the Sahara desert, with much of the remainder consisting of particularly fertile soil, and a 1300-km coastline. Both played a prominent role in ancient times, first with the famous Phoenician city of Carthage, and later, as the Africa Province, which became known as the bread basket of the Roman Empire.
It is thought that the name Tunis originated from Berber, meaning either a geographical promontory, or, "to spend the night."

Philosophy of space and time

2006-12-05T07:24:00.000-08:00

Space has a range of definitions:
One view of space is that it is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a set of dimensions in which objects are separated and located, have size and shape, and through which they can move. A contrasting view is that space is part of a fundamental abstract mathematical conceptual framework within which we compare and quantify the distance between objects, their sizes, their shapes, and their speeds. In this view space does not refer to any kind of entity that is a "container" that objects "move through". These opposing views are relevant also to definitions of time. Space is typically described as having three dimensions, and that three numbers are needed to specify the size of any object and/or its location with respect to another location. Modern physics does not treat space and time as independent dimensions, but treats both as features of space-time – a conception that challenges intuitive notions of distance and time.
An issue of philosophical debate is whether space is an ontological entity itself, or simply a conceptual framework we need to think about the world. Another way to frame this is to ask, "Can space itself be measured, or is space part of the measurement system?" The same debate applies also to time, and an important formulation in both areas was given by Immanuel Kant.
In his Critique of Pure Reason, Kant described space as an a priori intuition that allows us to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic framework we use to structure our experience. Spatial measurements are used to quantify how far apart objects are, and temporal measurements are used to quantify how far apart events occur.
Schopenhauer, in the preface to his On the Will in Nature, stated that "space is the condition of the possibility of juxtaposition." This is in accordance with Kant's understanding of space as a form in the mind of an observing subject.
Similar philosophical questions concerning space include: Is space absolute or purely relational? Does space have one correct geometry, or is the geometry of space just a convention? Historical positions in these debates have been taken by Isaac Newton, Gottfried Leibniz, and Henri Poincare. Two important thought-experiments connected with these questions are: Newton's bucket argument and Poincare's sphere-world.

The Maluku Islands

2006-11-29T05:42:00.000-08:00

The Maluku Islands are an archipelago in Indonesia, and part of the larger Malay Archipelago. They are located on the Australian Plate, lying east of Sulawesi, west of New Guinea, and north of Timor. The islands were also historically known as the "Spice Islands" by the Chinese and Europeans, but this term has also been applied to other islands.
Most of the islands are mountainous, some with active volcanoes, and enjoy a wet climate. The vegetation of the small and narrow islands, encompassed by the sea, is very luxuriant; including rainforests, sago, rice, and the famous spices--nutmeg, cloves and mace , among others. Though originally Melanesian, many island populations, especially in the Banda Islands, were killed in the 17th century. A second influx of Malay immigrants began in the early twentieth century under the Dutch and continued in the Indonesian era.
Politically, the Maluku Islands formed a single province of Indonesia from 1950 until 1999. In 1999 the North Maluku and Halmahera Tengah regency were split off as a separate province, so the islands are now divided between two provinces, Maluku and North Maluku. Between 1999 and 2002 they were known for religious conflicts between Muslims and Christians but have been peaceful in the past years.

Smoke

2006-11-20T09:55:00.000-08:00

Smoke is a suspension in air of small particles resulting from incomplete combustion of a fuel. It is commonly an unwanted by-product of fires and fireplaces, but may also be used for pest control , communication , defense or inhalation of tobacco or other drugs. Smoke is sometimes used as a flavouring agent and preservative for various foodstuffs. Smoke is also sometimes a component of internal combustion engine exhaust gas, particularly diesel exhaust.
Smoke inhalation is the primary cause of death in victims of indoor fires. The smoke kills by a combination of thermal damage, poisoning and pulmonary irritation caused by carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and other combustion products.
Smoke particles are actually an aerosol of solid particles or liquid droplets that are close to the ideal range of sizes for Mie scattering of visible light. This effect has been likened to three-dimensional textured privacy glass—the smoke cloud does not obstruct an image, but thoroughly scrambles it.

Stalinism

2006-11-14T11:21:00.000-08:00

The Stalinist version of socialism, with some important modifications, shaped the Soviet Union and influenced Communist Parties worldwide. It was heralded as a possibility of building communism via a massive program of industrialization and collectivization. The rapid development of industry, and above all the victory of the Soviet Union in the Second World War, maintained that vision throughout the world, even around a decade following Stalin's death, when the party adopted a program in which it promised the establishment of communism within thirty years.
However, under Stalin's leadership, evidence emerged that dented faith in the possibility of achieving communism within the framework of the Soviet model. Stalin had created in the Soviet Union a repressive state that dominated every aspect of life. Later, growth declined, and rent-seeking and corruption by state officials increased, which dented the legitimacy of the Soviet system.
Despite the activity of the Comintern, the Soviet Communist Party adopted the Stalinist theory of "socialism in one country" and claimed that, due to the "aggravation of class struggle under socialism," it was possible, even necessary, to build socialism in one country alone.This departure from Marxist internationalism was challenged by Leon Trotsky, whose theory of "permanent revolution" stressed the necessity of world revolution.

Chickenpox

2006-11-09T19:34:00.000-08:00

Chickenpox, also spelled chicken pox, is the common name for Varicella simplex, classically one of the childhood infectious diseases caught and survived by most children.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus also known as human herpes virus 3 , one of the eight herpes viruses known to affect humans. It starts with conjunctival and catarrhal symptoms, moderate fever and then characteristic spots appearing in two or three waves, mainly on the body and head rather than the hands and becoming itchy raw pox , small open sores which heal mostly without scarring.Chickenpox has a two-week incubation period and is highly contagious by air transmission two days before symptoms appear. Following primary infection there is usually lifelong protective immunity from further episodes of chickenpox. Recurrent chickenpox is fairly rare but more likely in people with compromised immune systems.Symptomatic treatment, with calamine lotion to ease itching and paracetamol to reduce fever, is widely used.
Chickenpox is rarely fatal , with pregnant women and those with depressed immune systems being more at risk. Pregnant women not known to be immune and who come into contact with chickenpox may need urgent treatment as the virus can cause serious problems for the fetus.Later in life, viruses remaining dormant in the nerves can reactivate causing localised eruptions of shingles. This occurs particularly in people with compromised immune systems, such as the elderly, and perhaps even those suffering sunburn. Unlike chickenpox which normally fully settles, shingles may result in persisting post-herpetic neuralgia pain.
A chickenpox vaccine has been available since 1995, and is now required in some countries for children to be admitted into elementary school unless the parent/guardian submits an exemption. In addition, effective medications are available to treat chickenpox in healthy adults and immunocompromised persons.

Yoga

2006-10-27T22:57:00.000-07:00

Yoga meaning union in Sanskrit is a family of ancient spiritual practices that originated in India, where it remains a vibrant living tradition and is seen as a means to enlightenment. Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Jnana Yoga, and Raja Yoga are considered the four main yogas, but there are many other types. In other parts of the world where yoga is popular, notably the West, Yoga has become associated with the asanas of Hatha Yoga, which are popularly considered there as fitness exercises and also form the basis of an expanding business.Yoga as a means to enlightenment is central to Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and has influenced other religious and spiritual practices throughout the world. Ancient Hindu texts establishing the basis for yoga include the Upanishads, Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, the Bhagavad Gita, the Hatha Yoga Pradipika and many others, which specify the criteria of having successfully mastered a particular yoga technique.

Erosion

2006-10-17T22:42:00.000-07:00

Erosion is the displacement of solids by the agents of wind, water or ice, by downward or down-slope movement in response to gravity or by living organisms . Erosion is distinguished from weathering, which is the decomposition of rock and particles through processes where no movement is involved, although the two processes may be concurrent.
Erosion is an intrinsic natural process but in many places it is increased by human land use. Poor land use practices include deforestation, overgrazing, unmanaged construction activity and road or trail building. wever, improved land use practices can limit erosion, using techniques like terrace-building and tree planting.A certain amount of erosion is natural and, in fact, healthy for the ecosystem. For example, gravels continually move downstream in watercourses. Excessive erosion, however, can cause problems, such as receiving water sedimentation, ecosystem damage and outright loss of soil.

2006-10-09T19:25:00.000-07:00

Structural failure refers to loss of the load-carrying capacity of a component or member within the structure or of the structure itself. Structural failure is initiated when the material is stressed to its strength limit, thus causing fracture or excessive deformations. The ultimate failure strength of the material, component or system is its maximum load-bearing capacity. When this limit is reached, damage to the material has been done, and its load-bearing capacity is reduced significantly and quickly. In a well-designed system, a localized failure should not cause immediate or even progressive collapse of the entire structure. Ultimate failure strength is one of the limit states that must be accounted for in civil engineering.

MIDI controller

2006-09-09T04:46:00.000-07:00

MIDI controller is used in two senses. In one sense, a controller is hardware or software which generates and transmits MIDI data to MIDI-enabled devices. In the other more technical sense, a MIDI controller is an abstraction of the hardware used to control a performance, but which is not directly related to note-on/note off events. A slider assigned to open and close a low-pass filter on a synthesizer may be assigned to controller 18, for example. Changes in the position of the slider are transmitted along with "18" so that they are distinguished from changes in the value of other controllers.

Modifiers such as modulation wheels, pitch bend wheels, sustain pedals, pitch sliders, buttons, knobs, faders, switches, ribbon controllers, etc., alter an instrument's state of operation, and thus can be used to modify sounds or other parameters of music performance in real time via MIDI connections. The 128 virtual MIDI controllers and their electronic messages connect the actual buttons, knobs, wheels, sliders, etc. with their intended actions within the receiving device.

Some controllers, such as pitch bend, are special. Whereas the data range of most continuous controllers consists of 128 steps ranging in value from 0 to 127, pitch bend data may be encoded with over 16,000 data steps. This produces the illusion of a continuously sliding pitch, as in a violin's portamento, rather than a series of zippered steps such as a guitarist sliding their finger up the frets of their guitar's neck. Thus, the pitch wheel on a MIDI keyboard may generate large amounts of data which can lead to a slowdown of data throughput.

River

2006-09-08T11:47:00.000-07:00

A river is a large natural waterway. The source of a river may be a lake, a spring, or a collection of small streams, known as headwaters. From their source, all rivers flow downhill, typically terminating in the ocean. The mouth, or lower end, of a river is known as its base level.

A river's water is normally confined to a channel, made up of a stream bed between banks. Most rainfall on land passes through a river on its way to the ocean. Smaller side streams that join a river are tributaries. The scientific term for any flowing natural waterway is a stream; so in technical language, the term river is just a shorthand way to refer to a large stream.

Cobra

2006-08-21T08:05:00.000-07:00

Cobras are venomous snakes of family Elapidae, of several genera. (Elapidae also include the taipans, brown snakes, tiger snakes, fierce snakes, coral snakes, mambas, and sea snakes.) Cobras generally inhabit tropical and desert regions of Asia and Africa. Elapidae cannot fold their fangs down, as Viperidae can, so the fangs are generally shorter. Most are quite large, reaching on average 1.2–2.5m in length. The King Cobra may reach up to 5.2m, making it the largest venomous snake in the world. They kill their prey, usually small rodents and birds, by injecting a neurotoxin through their nearly hollow fangs. The neurotoxin blocks the synaptic communication between the victim's neurons and muscles, thus stopping movement and control. The snake will only attack a human if provoked or in other extreme circumstances which threaten its survival. Furthermore, not all bites result in envenomation and in the case of the Cobra the amount of "blank" strikes may be quite high: in one series of recorded bites in Malaysia only 55% of strikes had been poisonous. The King Cobra eats other snakes; it feeds almost entirely on other snakes, even venomous ones (ophiophagy). The spitting cobra can also incapacitate larger would-be predators by delivering venom to their eyes. Cobras come in varying colors from black or dark brown to yellowish white. The (jet) black cobra found in Pakistan and North India is considered a sub-species of Indian Cobra (Naja naja).

The cobra's most recognizable feature is its hood, a flap of skin and muscle behind the head which it can flare, perhaps for the purpose of making it appear bigger and more threatening to predators. The cobra's predators include the mongoose and some raptors.

"Cobra" is the Portuguese common name for a snake; it came from Late Latin *colobra (for classical coluber, colubra). When Portuguese navigators arrived to the coasts of Africa and South Asia in the 16th century, they named the cobras "cobra-capelo" = "hood-snake"; from this compound, the name entered Spanish, French, English, and other European languages.

Focus of” The institution of Indian culture and values”

2006-08-11T07:40:00.000-07:00

Focus of” The institution of Indian culture and values”

The university main focus was on the language Hindi which was the main medium of instruction. The university strained a lot on the social sciences, Indian history and cultural subjects but also gave some affords on offering some courses and programmers for the purpose of business and commerce studies, fine arts, journalism, law and sciences. In the recent days the university has further some diversified and modernised its educational programme and curriculum to offer degrees and courses in technical fields.

Economist magazine

2006-07-02T22:01:00.000-07:00

Washington, United States. It lies to the ea (7 mi) long and 2 km (1.5 mi) wide. Lake Sammamish runs north and south, stretching from the city of Issaquah, Washington in thding Lake Sammamish has been, in recent times, the most rapidly growing suburban district in the Greater Seattle Metropolitan Area. During the late 1990s arly 2000s, the cities of Redmond, Snoqualmie, Fall City, Issaquah and Bellevue have grown substantially. A new town, Sammamish, Washington was incorporated in 1999, because of the suburban growth.

A real estate bubble or property bubble (or housing bubble for residential markets) is a type of economic bubble that occursby rapid speculative increases in the valuations of real property such as housing until they reach unsustainable levels relative to incomes and other economic elements, followed by decreases (also known as a house price crasive equit mortgage debt higher than the value of the property). Just like any type of economic bubble, it is difficult for many to identify except in hindsight, after the crash.

The Economist magazine said that "the worldwide rise in house prices is the biggest bubble in history" [1], and tate bubbles are believed to exist in many parts of the world, especially in many areas of the Uniteds, Great Brit, ralia, New Zealand, Ireland, Spain, and China. U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said i-2005 that "at a minimum, there's a little 'froth' (in the U.S. housing market) … it's hard not to see that there are a lot ofal bubbles" [2]. The crash of the Japanese asset price bubble from 1990 on has been damaging to the Japanese economy an recent crash of the real estate bubble in China's largest city, Shanghai [4].

Unlike a stock market crash following a bubble, a real-estate "crash" is usually a slower process, because sellers just decide not to sell. Historical"flat" for a period of 3-5 yearinal dollars, such as Los Angeles during ate 80s and early 9s. Due to low inflation in most countries, future corrections may result in a fall in both real and nominal house es.Other sectors such as office, hotel and retaiy of same vaables (incomes, interest rates, etc.) and also sharing the "wealth effect" of booms. Therefore this article focuses In attempting to ideny bubbles before they burst, economists have developed a number of fncial ratios and economic indicators that can be used to evaluate whether homes in a given arfairly valued or not. By comparing current levels to vious levels that have proven unsustainable in the st (i.e. led to or at least accompanied crashes), one can make ducated guess as to whether a given real estate market is encing a bubble or not.

Fabvillas

2006-05-04T04:01:00.000-07:00

Florida, being the harbor city invites enormous tourists to spend their holidays in an unimagined way. Authentic Florida will help you discover a new thrill and excitement throughout your vacation in the prominent places of interest such as the Orlando coastline beach, the Disney land, etc, of the sunshine state. Finding the best rentals/villas in such a place in very difficult but the private rentals/villas organizers over there help you to reduce your time in sorting out luxury rentals in such places.

Florida, being an island is simply magnificent surrounded by water. If mankind has thought of a water sport, then it is bound to be available here. Parasailing above the water, skiing on the water and swimming in the water sounds to be a thrilling experience both for the young and the old. Besides all these attractions, finding a comfortable place to stay is a bit tedious process for the visitors. The private luxury rental home owner’s help people discover the luxurious and all expected rentals at affordable rates confined to a particular area. They also offer flexible services to their customers by providing them the best standardized rentals and make them feel it as a home away from home. All the private rentals/villas are confined to the prominent places which make the tourists feel comfortable in sighting through the places in and around Florida.

The tourists will find all the information and details about the privately owned vacation rentals or villas in Florida when they browse online. Many private rentals/villas offer much information on the luxury rental homes with all the needs and standards to satisfy the tourists. They also provide the travelers with certain tips to help them plan their vacation in the new place and suggest visiting nearby places including various new entertainment and activities put forth by some organizations in Florida especially for children. They also offer the tourists with the opportunity of selecting the rental home of their own choice in any prominent locality of their interest. They have flexible rentals to suit all needs whether it being just a couple or the whole extended family. Private vacation rental homes are privately owned and are situated in desirable locations. Their rental homes offer their special attention to the tourists from various parts oft the world who are new to Florida and provide them with all the details that many hotels are unable to offer making a villa holiday a true home from home experience.

Oil Paintings

2006-05-04T03:29:00.000-07:00

One of the famous painting medium on use is oil paints famous for the look and originality that the oil paint brings in to the paintings. The oil used in painting kept on changing keeping in mind various factors of viscosity, solubility, comfort ability, the color required for the painting and the drying time. Some oils used in historical periods could be flax, walnut, Olive oil or poppyseed oil but the drying time was long for these oil paintings and in the case of olive oil it was excessively long which brought in usage of drying oil as a varnish on oil paintings.
Painting Mediums
Paint and paintings materials differ depending up on the place where it is to be painted whether it is an interior painting or exterior. Interior paintings basically use materials such as oil paint, water colors, wooden board, fabric etc where as exterior paintings involves using water resistant base and mediums.
Grisaille Paintings
Grisaille is not a paintings type by its own but an initial step in oil painting. It is the step representing lighter shades of the image to be painted. This type grisaille grey is basically a painting in lighter grey shade (followed as per the rules of oil painting the darker painting section follows the lighter colors to be implemented in oil painting) before the whole painting is all done. This painting is executed entirely on monochrome in various shades of grey which can also be used for decorative purposes such as representing an object in relief.